Set j = last-2 and find first j such that a =. So 6 is next larger and 2345(least using numbers other than 6) Find lexicogrpahically least way to extend the new aĬonsider example array state of for sorted Īfter 56432(treat as number) ->nothing larger than 6432(using 6,4,3,2) beginning with 5.Increase a by smallest feasible amount.Now, there are 6 (3 factorial) permutations of ABC. In Combinations ABC is the same as ACB because you are combining the same letters (or people). Find largest j such that a can be increased So ABC would be one permutation and ACB would be another, for example.There are n! permutations at most and hasNextPermutation(.) runs in O(n) time complexity This is the asymptotically optimal way O(n*n!) of generating permutations after initial sorting. It was enough when I needed it, but it's no itertools.permutations by a long shot. This method is non-recursive, but it is slightly slower on my computer and xrange raises an error when n! is too large to be converted to a C long integer (n=13 for me). NewPermutation.append(available.pop(index)) To calculate a permutation, you will need to use the formula n P r n / ( n - r ). This way the numbers 0 through n!-1 correspond to all possible permutations in lexicographic order. A permutation is a method to calculate the number of events occurring where order matters. You have n choices for the first item, n-1 for the second, and only one for the last, so you can use the digits of a number in the factorial number system as the indices. I used an algorithm based on the factorial number system- For a list of length n, you can assemble each permutation item by item, selecting from the items left at each stage. Indices, indices = indices, indicesĪnd another, based on itertools.product: def permutations(iterable, r=None):įor indices in product(range(n), repeat=r): If len(elements) AB AC AD BA BC BD CA CB CD DA DB DC Use itertools.permutations from the standard library: import itertoolsĪdapted from here is a demonstration of how itertools.permutations might be implemented: def permutations(elements):
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